Chromium

Forms:  Chromium picolinate, chromium polynicotinate

Sources:  Broccoli, grape juice, potatoes

RDA:  35 mcg for adults

Description:  The effects of chromium are strongly influenced by its oxidation state.  The hexavalent form is toxic but the trivalent form is useful for maintaining optimum health.  Chromium increases the efficiency of insulin and is therefore important for carbohydrate and protein metabolism.  Vitamin C enhances chromium absorption and high carbohydrate diets increase chromium excretion.  A chromium deficiency can adversely affect glucose tolerance and can increase the severity of Type II diabetes.  No safe upper limit of intake is established for chromium but doses in excess of 600 mcg are not recommended.